9.3.U1:  Undifferentiated cells in the meristems of plants allow indeterminate growth

• Define indeterminate growth and totipotent.

• State that most plants have indeterminate growth and have totipotent cells.

• Define meristem.

• Compare apical and lateral meristems.

9.3.U2:  Mitosis and cell division in the shoot apex provide cells needed for extension of the stem and development of leaves

• Outline role of mitosis in the growth of stem and leaves while maintaining a meristem.

Meristem notes handwritten

Scitable:  Stem cells in plants

Meristems CFU

9.3.U3:  Plant hormones control growth in the shot apex

• State the genetic function of plant hormones.

• State three roles of the hormone auxin.

• Outline how auxin concentrations regulate plant growth.

• Outline the role of auxin in apical dominance.

9.3.U6:  Auxin influences of cell growth rates by changing the pattern of gene expression

• State that auxin influences cell growth rates by changing gene expression.

9.3.NOS:  Developments in scientific research follow improvements in analysis and education-improvements in analytical techniques allowing the detection of trace amounts of substances has led to advances in the understanding of plant hormones and their effect on gene expression.

• Outline role of microarrays in understanding the role of plant hormones.

Auxin notes slides

Auxin and apical dominance CFU

9.3.U4:  Plant shoots respond to the environment by tropisms

• State two external factors that control the growth of roots and stems.

• Define tropism, phototropism and gravitropism.

9.3.U5:  Auxin efflux pumps can set up concentration gradients of auxin in plants tissue

• Outline how PIN-transport proteins can direct direction of auxin flow.

• Explain how auxin concentrations allow for phototropism.

• Explain how auxin concentrations allow for gravitropism.

Geotropism notes

Phototropism notes

Phototropism model

Phototropism “line dance”

Tropisms video

Tropisms CFU

Gravitropic dandelions

How to plants grow up lab

How much light to bend a seedling

Phototropism with phones

Tropism inquiry template

3.5.U6:  Many plants species and some animal species have natural methods of cloning

• Define clone.

• Outline two examples of natural cloning in plants.

3.5.S1:  Design of an experiment to assess one factor affecting the rooting of stem-cuttings

• Outline preparation of a plant for rooting of a stem cutting.

• List manipulated, responding and controlled variables in an experiment of rooting stem-cuttings.

9.3.A1:  Micropropagation of plants using tissue from the shoot apex nutrient agar gels and growth hormones

• Define micropropagation.

• Outline how changing auxin and cytokinin ratios can lead to development of roots or shoots from the same explant tissue.

9.3.A2:  Use of micropropagation for rapid bulking up of new varieties, production of virus-free strains of existing varieties and propagation of orchids and other rare species

• Outline three roles of micropropagation of plant species. 

Cauliflower cloning (lab sheet)

Micropropagation notes

Micropropagation CFU

Final knowledge audit

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